Ariadne's Thread on Ethical Relativism
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Tolerance

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John Speaking
Let's be a little more charitable to Herskovits and Benedict. They were not philosophers and they were not trying to formulate a philosophical theory. Their concerns were more practical and the problems they faced were more immediate.

They were mistaken when they spoke as though a moral value or rule of tolerance followed logically from cultural relativism. Professional philosophers have had a great time beating up on them for making that mistake. But in spite of that, maybe what they said had value.

  • They criticized the arrogance of the colonial powers.
  • Perhaps their view, even though it involved a philosophical mistake, was a useful corrective to years of interference and abuse.

Besides that, even though Herskovits and Benedict were wrong to think there was a logical link between cultural or ethical relativism and tolerance, they may be correct if we interpret them to be saying that there is a psychological link. In other words, it may be a psychological fact that people who accept cultural relativism or ethical relativism are more likely to be more tolerant of moral diversity. In that way, ethical relativism may lead to tolerance.


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