Goals or Quotas? (John Speaking)
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				Fred

Here's how Robert Fullinwider looks at it: If our aim in hiring is non-discrimination, the numerical goal can be thought of as an estimate of how many whites and blacks we would expect to see hired if our hiring practices are non-discriminatory. Looking at the available labor force is a reasonable way to decide what to expect.

The goal functions as a flag for possible discrimination. If we discover that the number of blacks and whites being hired is very different from what we expected, we should examine our advertising, recruitment, training, testing, and so on looking for factors that unnecessarily screen out blacks. If we don't find any such factors, we don't have to change anything. The goal is a useful device, but it's not a quota.

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