Goals or Quotas? (Fred Speaking)
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			John

I still say it doesn't work out that way. Here's an interesting hypothetical case from Fullinwider that illustrates the point very well:

Suppose a company has 250 employees, 10 of which are black. The relevant labor pool is about 20% black. So, according to one view, blacks are "underutilized." If the company is hiring 10 people per year, we would expect 2 of them to be black if hiring is non-discriminatory. But then it would be 20 years before blacks are fully "utilized" (in the language of the federal government). Any affirmative action plan that seeks to bring the number of blacks up to 20% in less than 20 years is bound to result in discriminatory practices or it will fail. So the employer will discriminate. That's how it really works.

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