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I'm not at all
sure that a contract is the best basis for individual
rights.
What if there is another basis for individual rights? What
if Fred is right and there is a theological basis. What if
philosopher Alan Gewirth is right and there is an a priori basis? (The libertarian Roger
Pilon has used a version of Gewirth's argument to support strong
individual rights.) If either of
those approaches is correct, then the contract Rawls talks about isn't
necessary. It's irrelevant. Indeed, it's a disaster.
And even if we do agree that a contract is the best
basis for rights, I'm not sure Rawls' interpretation of a contract
is the right one to rely upon. If we are going to make use
of a hypothetical contract, why not consider the sort
of contract that real people would be willing to make?
What might that sort of contract look like? It seems to me that real people with
the usual knowledge of who they are might very well agreed
to a contract that maximized their freedom and minimized the
coercive power of government (or other people) over them. In
other words, a social contract among real people might very well end
in some form of libertarianism.
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