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| Overall
Structure
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Professor
Sidgwick Speaking
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Our
time is just about up. Let me try to say something about the
overall structure of Rawls' theory as I understand it. In doing this,
I want to try to pull together several threads so that we can see how
they fit together.
- The principles of justice are those chosen in the original
position. We could call them the 'correct' principles if
we want, although Rawls doesn't use that word.
- The principles chosen are to be accepted and followed because they are the
outcome of a fair procedure. There is no independent
criterion for choosing principles.
- The original position is a fair
procedure for choosing principles because (a) it embodies weak but widely accepted moral notions
about justice found in our society, and (b)
it includes a veil of ignorance that prevents bias
and self-interest from influencing the choice of principles.
- We know that the original position embodies widely
accepted notions found in our society because the
principles chosen in the original position are in a
reflective equilibrium with our most considered judgments
about justice as it applies to specific cases.
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I think we're ready now to open the discussion and criticize Rawls' theory. That's what we'll do at our next session.
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