I
think we need to distinguish four different questions at this point.
Here they are:
- Are there methods for proving moral principles?
- Are there rational methods for settling moral disputes?
- Are there criteria that will limit the range or number of
acceptable moral principles or moral systems?
- Is there anything that we can call moral knowledge without
gratuitously changing the meaning of the word 'knowledge'?
I think that if we accept ethical relativism we must answer the
first question with a "no." But my point is that that
doesn't tell us the answer to the other three questions. And that may
be where some people go wrong. They think that if there are no proofs
for principles then there are no methods for settling disputes, no
way to accept and reject proposed principles, and nothing that can be
called moral knowledge.
I claim that a negative answer to the first question does not imply
negative answers to the other three. They are the questions we need to
look at.