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The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) has argued against speech codes on campuses, although they have not opposed "disciplinary codes aimed at restricting acts of harassment, intimidation and invasion of privacy." Instead of codes, the ACLU has suggested other ways to combat racism and prejudice on campuses. They have urged colleges and universities to do the following:
1. To develop comprehensive plans aimed at reducing prejudice, responding promptly to incidents of bigotry and discriminatory harassment.
2. To vigorously attract minorities, women and members of other historically disadvantaged groups as students, faculty members and administrators to help stop feelings of isolation and to insure real integration and diversity in student life.
3. To offer and consider whether to require all students to enroll in courses in the history and meaning of prejudice, including racism, sexism and other forms of invidious discrimination.
4. To establish new-student orientation programs and continuing counseling programs that enable students of different races, sexes, religions and sexual orientations to learn to live with each other.
5. To review and, where appropriate, revise course offerings as well as extracurricular programs to recognize the contributions of those whose art, music, literature and learning have been insufficiently reflected in the curriculum of many American colleges and universities.
Reference: American Civil Liberties Union publication "Racist Speech On College Campuses." See also the "ACLU Policy Statement: Free speech and Bias on College Campuses," adopted by the ACLU National Board of Directors in 1990. The latter policy statement is included as an appendix to Nadine Strossen's article in Speaking of Race, Speaking of Sex.