Review these ideas and then use the BACK key in your browser to return to the page you were on.
One of the standard problems with utilitarian arguments comes
out clearly here. Malik fears that the argument might be turned
against blacks at some time in the future. The argument is based
on consequences, and consequences can change. Some philosophers
have attempted to define utilitarianism in such a way as to make
it impossible to construct a utilitarian justification for the
traditional discrimination against blacks. Ronald Dworkin attempted
this in his paper "DeFunis v. Sweatt," reprinted in
Equality and Preferential Treatment, edited by Marshall
Cohen and others.