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Ann's argument is closely related to the wording of some of the speech codes adopted on American campuses. For example, the University of Michigan anti-harassment policy stressed the university's duty to "to protect the educational environment of the University." It also indicated that the university had a "compelling interest in assuring an environment in which learning may thrive." The policy adopted at the University of Wisconsin acknowledged "the need to preserve the orderly processes of the university with regard to its teaching, research, and public service missions." These statements indicate that the argument of the universities was based on the assumption that the university is a place with it own goals and that universities have duties that require some restrictions on speech. The argument was not one that could be applied to society as a whole.