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The conflict between Dee and Vera has a long history, although the exact terms used to describe the conflict vary. Dee believes that people have people have moral rights not to be interfered with in certain ways. These are sometimes called liberty rights. Their ground and scope are often debated. She also believes that everyone is equal in the sense that everyone has the same liberty rights. From the legal point of view, she believes that everyone should have equal protection of the law. But equal protection for Dee means that everyone has the same legal right not to be interfered with by the state or by private parties and that the state should enforce each person's right to equal protection according to the same rules. Vera, on the other hand, believes that people have more substantive moral equality rights. She might say, for example, that people have a right to participate equally in the creation of their culture or a right to equal access to certain opportunities within our culture. Her view of equality rights forms the basis of her politics and her main argument for restricting hate speech. On her view, violating equality rights is the harm that most clearly justifies restricting hate speech.

The challenge is twofold: (1) to clarify the content of the liberty and equality rights that Dee and Vera advocate, and (2) to formulate the basis or the ground for either view of rights.