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Critics of ethical relativism are often concerned because it does not seem to be able to anchor moral values in a source outside human character (i.e., human choices, desires, emotions, and attitudes.) These critics are afraid that human choices and so forth are too variable, capricious, and selfish to serve as a foundation for morals.

A foundation "outside" human character could take many forms. For example, it might be found in any of the following:

  • metaphysics
  • God
  • conceptual analysis and logical constraints
  • science

On the other hand, each of these alternatives has its own philosophical problems. Can you think of any other alternatives?


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