Comments

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John's question assumes that if any compensation is due, it is due to an individual for unjust harm done (directly or indirectly) to that individual. If we take this approach, we must show harm to each job or school applicant.

Malik would prefer to define the moral situation in terms of groups. If there is a history of harm to blacks as a group, then he believes we are justified in compensating blacks as a group. It is not necessary prove harm to each individual.

To choose an approach, we need to ask what it means to harm a group of people AS A GROUP and what implications this has, if any, for compensation?